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Sophocles iuvenis qui victoriam Salami cum choro celebrat; imago anno fere 1889 ab Iohanne Talbott Donoghue facta.

Sophocles (Σοφοκλῆς; natus Coloni circa annum 497/6 a.C.n., mortuus Athenis hieme anni 406/5) est unus ex tribus poëtis tragicis Graeciae antiquae quorum fabulae supersunt. Anno 443/2 unus praefectorum aerarii (Hellenotamiarum) erat. Dicitur sacerdos fuisse herois salutaris "Halonis" vocati. Cum deus Aesculapius Athenas post annum 420 inductus est, effigies dei apud Sophoclem manebat.

Victor fuit in certamine Baccho dedicato apud Dionysia duodevicies, ab anno 469, in Lenaeiis quoque aliquoties. Aristoteles in libro de Poetica dicit Sophoclem tertium histrionem et scaenas pictas in artem scaenicam introduxisse (Poet. 1449a); dicit etiam Euripidem homines ut sint, Sophoclem ut debeant esse depingere (Poet. 1460b).

Opera integra |

Vide etiam Index fabularum Sophoclearum

Quarta et quinta columna libri in papyro scripti ubi est textus Ichneutae, fabulae satyricae (P. Oxy. IX.1174).

Quamquam plus 120 fabulas scripsit, septem modo ad nos devenerunt. Annos scimus quando Philoctetes et Oedipus Coloneus in scaena paruerunt; de aliis fabulis disputatur.

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  Aiax (Αἴας; inter 449 et 440)


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  Antigone (Ἀντιγόνη; forsitan 443 vel 442)


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  Trachiniae (Τραχίνιαι; inter 439 et 430)


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  Oedipus tyrannus (Οἰδίπους τύραννος; inter 425 et 420) editio interetialis
  


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  Electra (Ἠλέκτρα; inter 418 et 410)


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  Philoctetes (Φιλοκτήτης; 409)


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  Oedipus Coloneus (Οἰδίπους ἐπὶ Κολώνῳ; 407/6 scripta, acta post mortem poetae anno 401)

Editionem principem fabularum anno 1502 Aldus Manutius fecit. Magni momenti est editio Hadriani Turnebi anno 1552 Lutetiae divulgata, laboribus Demetri Triclinii utens. Aliae sunt editio a Richardo Brunck, anno 1786 facta et editio a Petro Elmsley anno 1823 divulgata; recentiores editores sunt R. D. Dawe (1985), Hugh Lloyd-Jones et Nigel Wilson (1990).

De fabulis, de sermone, de re metrica |

Sermo Graecus apud Sophoclem non tam difficile est ac apud Aeschylum.

Fama apud posteros |

Aristophanes in Ranis Sophoclem nominat "superiorem Euripide" (Σοφοκλέα πρότερον Εὐριπίδου, 76).

Bibliographia |

Lingua Latina |

• Ellendt, F. 1872 Lexikon Sophocleum. Berolini : sumptibus fratrum Borntraeger.


• Gensel, Paulus (1895). De Sophocle a Romanis liberae rei publicae temporum tragicis poetis adhibito. Thesis--Universitas Fridriciana Halens Cum Vitebergensi Consociata. 


• Günther, Hans-Christian. 1996. Exercitationes Sophocleae. Göttingen.


• Horton-Smith, Lionel Graham. 1896. Ars tragica Sophoclea cum Shaksperiana comparata. Londini: Macmillan et Bowes. Textus apud GoogleBooks.


• Lion, Carolus Theodorus (1861). Oedipus Rex quo tempore a Sophocle docta sit quaeritur. Gottingae 


• Schulz, Ferdinand (1836). De vita Sophoclis poetae : commentatio ab amplissimo ordine philosophorum in Academia Borussica Rhenana praemio ornata. BEROLINI: APUD H. A. W. LOGIER 

Lingua Anglica |

• Adams, Sinclair. 1957. Sophocles, the Playwright. Toronti: University of Toronto Press.


• Ahl, Frederick. 1991. Sophocles’ Oedipus: Evidence and Self-Conviction. Ithacae: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0801499291.


• Bernidaki-Aldous, Eleftheria A. 1990. Blindness in a Culture of Light: Especially the Case of Oedipus at Colonus of Sophocles. Novi Eboraci: Peter Lang. ISBN 0-8204-1024-1.


• Blundell, Mary Whitlock. 1989. Helping Friends and Harming Enemies: A Study in Sophocles and Greek Ethics. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521351162.


• Bowman, Laurel. 1994 Knowledge and Prophecy in Sophocles. Dissertatio, University of California at Los Angeles.


• Bowra, C. M. 1994. Sophoclean Tragedy. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.


• Budelmann, Felix. 2000 The Language of Sophocles: Communality, Communication, and Involvement. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521660408.


• Burian, Peter. 1971. Suppliant Drama: Studies in the Form and Interpretation of Five Greek Tragedies. Dissertatio, Princeton.


• Burton, R. W. B. 1980. The Chorus in Sophocles’ Tragedies. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.


• Bushnell, R. W. 1988. Prophesying Tragedy: Sign and Voice in Sophocles’ Theban Plays. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.


• Dawe, R. D. 1973. Studies on the Text of Sophocles. Leiden: Brill.


• Dawe, R. D. 1996. Sophocles: the Classical Heritage. Novi Eboraci.


• Ditmars, Elizabeth Van Nes. 1992 Sophocles’ Antigone: Lyric Shape and Meaning. Pisis.


• Edmunds, Lowell. 1996. Theatrical Space and Historical Place in Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus. Londinii.


• Gardiner, Cynthia P. 1987. The Sophoclean Chorus: a Study of Character and Function. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.


• Gellie, G. 1972. Sophocles: a Reading. Melburni.


• Goldhill, Simon. 1986, Reading Greek Tragedy. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.


• Goldhill, Simon. 2012. Sophocles and the Language of Tragedy. Cantabridgiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-979627-4.


• Grene, David. 1967. Reality and the Heroic Pattern: Last Plays of Ibsen, Shakespeare, and Sophocles. Sicagi.


• Kaimio, Maarit. 1970. The Chorus of Greek Drama within the Light of the Person and Number Used. Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica.


• Kirkwood, G. M. 1994. A Study of Sophoclean Drama, editio altera. Ithacae: Cornell University Press.


• Kitto, H. D. F. 1958. Sophocles: Dramatist and Philosopher. Londini.


• Knox, B. M. W. 1964. The Heroic Temper: Studies in Sophoclean Tragedy. Berkeley: University of California Press.


• Linforth, I. 1951. Religion and Drama in Oedipus at Colonus. University of California Publications in Classical Philology 14.4, 75-192. Berkeley; re-editio Novi Eboraci, 1971.


• Long, A. A. 1968. Language and Thought in Sophocles. Londinii.


• Markantonatos, Andreas. 2002. Tragic Narrative A Narratological Study of Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus. Berolini: De Bruyter. ISBN 3-11-017401-4.


• Masqueray, P. 1924. Sophocles. Lutetiae.


• Mills, Sophie. 1997. Theseus, Tragedy and the Athenian Empire. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.


• Moorhouse, A. C. 1982. The Syntax of Sophocles. Mnemosyne Supplement 75. Leiden: Brill.


• Musurillo, Herbert. 1967. The Light and the Darkness: Studies in the Dramatic Poetry of Sophocles. Leiden.


• Ormand, Kirk. 1999. Exchange and the Maiden: Marriage in Sophoclean Tragedy. Austin: University of Texas press.


• Pohlsander, H. A. 1964. Metrical Studies in the Lyrics of Sophocles. Leiden.


• Schein, Seth L. 1979. The Iambic Trimeter in Aeschylus and Sophocles: A Study in Metrical Form. Columbia Studies in the Classical Tradition, no. 6. Leiden.


• Scodel, Ruth. 1984. Sophocles. Bostoniae: Twayne.


• Scott, W. L. 1996. Musical Design in Sophoclean Theatre. Hanover, NH: Dartmouth University Press/University Press of New England


• Seale, David. 1982. Vision and Stagecraft in Sophocles. Londinii.


• Segal, Charles P. 1981. Tragedy and Civilization: An Interpretation of Sophocles. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.


• Sullivan, Shirley Darcus. 1999. Sophocles’ Use of Psychological Terminology: Old and New. Richmond, Ontario.


• Thompson, E. M., et Richard C. Jebb. 1885. Facsimile of the Laurentian Manuscript of Sophocles. Londinii.


• Travis, Roger. 1999. Allegory and the Tragic Chorus in Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus. Lanham Terrae Mariae.


• Turyn, A. 1992. "Studies in the Manuscript Tradition of the Texts of Sophocles." Illinois Studies in Language and Literature, tom. 36, fasc. 1-2. Urbana.


• Waldock, A. 1966. Sophocles: The Dramatist. Cantabridgiae: Cambridge University Press. OCLC 492643


• Webster, T. B. L. 1969. An Introduction to Sophocles, editio altera. Londini.


• Whitman, Cedric. 1951. Sophocles: a Study of Heroic Humanism. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press.


• Wilson, Joseph P. 1997. The Hero and the City: an Interpretation of Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.


• Winnington-Ingram, R.P. 1980. Sophocles: an Interpretation. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.

Lingua Francogallica |

• Aubreton, Robert. 1949. Démétrius Triclinius et les recensions de Sophocle. Lutetiae: Les Belles Lettres.


• Machin, Albert. 1981. Cohérence et continuité dans le théâtre de Sophocle. Haute-Ville, Quebeci.


• Méautis, G. 1940. L’Oedipe à Colone et le cult des héros. Neuchâtel: Université de Neuchâtel Recueil de travaux publiés par la Faculté des Lettres, fasc. 19.


• Méautis, G. 1957. Sophocle: Essai sur le héros tragique. Lutetiae.


• Ronnet, G. 1969. Sophocle, poète tragique. Lutetiae.

Lingua Hispanica |

• Errandonea, I. 1970. Sofocles y la personalidad de sus coros: estudio de dramatica constructiva. Matriti.

Lingua Theodisca |

• Coray, Marina. 1993. Wissen und Erkennen bei Sophokles. Basel.


• Lesky, A. 1964. Die tragische Dichtung der Hellenen. Göttingen.


• Müller, Carl Werner. 1984. Zur Datierung des sophokleischen Ödipus. Wiesbaden: Abh. Ak. Mainz, Geistes- und Sozialwiss. Klass 5.


• Reinhardt, Karl. 1933. Sophokles. Frankfurt am Main.


• Thomamüller, Klaus. 1965. Die aiolischen und daktyloepitritischen Maße in den Dramen des Sophokles. Dissertatio, Hamburg.


• Von Blumenthal, A. 1936. Sophocles. Stuttgart.


• Weinstock, Heinrich. 1931. Sophokles. Berolini.


• Wilamowitz, Tycho. Der dramatische Technik des Sophocles.
  

Nexus Externi |

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Sophoclem spectant.

• 
  Opera Sophocles apud Perseum


• 
  Didaskalia, de arte scaenica apud Graecos Romanosque